Document Set 1 – Causes of American Revolution Document 1 -…

Question Answered step-by-step Document Set 1 – Causes of American Revolution Document 1 -… Document Set 1 – Causes of American Revolution Document 1 – Excerpts of resolutions of the Stamp Act Congress, October 19, 1765. The Stamp Act Congress, also called the First Continental Congress, was a gathering of representatives from the Thirteen Colonies to formally oppose the imposition of the Stamp Act.2d. That His Majesty’s liege subjects in these colonies are entitled to all the inherent rights and privileges of his natural born subjects within the kingdom of Great Britain.3d. That it is inseparably essential to the freedom of a people, and the undoubted rights of Englishmen, that no taxes should be imposed on them, but with their own consent, given personally, or by their representatives.4th. That the people of these colonies are not, and from their local circumstances cannot be, represented in the House of Commons in Great Britain.5th. That the only representatives of the people of these colonies are persons chosen therein, by themselves; and that no taxes ever have been or can be constitutionally imposed on them but by their respective legislatures. 9th. That the duties imposed by several late acts of Parliament, from the peculiar circumstances of these colonies, will be extremely burthensome and grievous, and, from the scarcity of specie, the payment of them absolutely impracticable.11th. That the restrictions imposed by several late acts of Parliament on the trade of these colonies will render them unable to purchase the manufactures of Great Britain.1. Based on the document above, what was the cause of the American Revolution? Is it a social, political, or economic cause? Justify your answer using the text.   Document 2 – “Common Sense” by English-born American political philosopher Thomas Paine. This 47 page pamphlet was published anonymously on January 10th, 1776 in support of the burgeoning American Revolution. Society in every state is a blessing, but Government, even in its best state, is but a necessary evil; in its worst state an intolerable one: for when we suffer, or are exposed to the same miseries BY A GOVERNMENT, which we might expect in a country WITHOUT GOVERNMENT, our calamity is heightened by reflecting that we furnish the means by which we suffer. ….To say that the constitution of England is an UNION of three powers, reciprocally CHECKING each other, is farcical; either the words have no meaning, or they are flat contradictions.First. — That the King it not to be trusted without being looked after; or in other words, that a thirst for absolute power is the natural disease of monarchy.Secondly. — That the Commons, by being appointed for that purpose, are either wiser or more worthy of confidence than the Crown.But as the same constitution which gives the Commons a power to check the King by withholding the supplies, gives afterwards the King a power to check the Commons, by empowering him to reject their other bills; it again supposes that the King is wiser than those whom it has already supposed to be wiser than him. A mere absurdity!2. Based on the document above, what was the cause of the American Revolution? Is it a social, political, or economic cause? Justify your answer using the text.  Document 3 – United States Declaration of Independence, July 4, 1776. Adopted by the Second Continental Congress, over a year after the Battles of Lexington and Concord.The Declaration explains why the Thirteen Colonies at war with the Kingdom of Great Britain regarded themselves as thirteen independent sovereign states, no longer under British rule.In Congress, July 4, 1776The unanimous Declaration of the thirteen united States of America, When in the Course of human events, it becomes necessary for one people to dissolve the political bands which have connected them with another, and to assume among the powers of the earth, the separate and equal station to which the Laws of Nature and of Nature’s God entitle them, a decent respect to the opinions of mankind requires that they should declare the causes which impel them to the separation.We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights, that among these are Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness.–That to secure these rights, Governments are instituted among Men, deriving their just powers from the consent of the governed, –That whenever any Form of Government becomes destructive of these ends, it is the Right of the People to alter or to abolish it, and to institute new Government, laying its foundation on such principles and organizing its powers in such form, as to them shall seem most likely to effect their Safety and Happiness.3. Based on the document above, what was the cause of the American Revolution? Is it a social, political, or economic cause? Justify your answer using the text.  Summary: Write a thesis statement that addresses the following prompt, based on the primary sources above.Evaluate the extent to which the American Revolution was caused by political or economic factors.   Document Set 2 – Results of the American Revolution  Secondary Source 1 – “Historical Context: The Constitution and Slavery” by Steven Mintz, The Gilder Lehrman Institute of American History On the 200th anniversary of the ratification of the US Constitution, Thurgood Marshall, the first African American to sit on the Supreme Court, said that the Constitution was “defective from the start.” He pointed out that the framers had left out a majority of Americans when they wrote the phrase, “We the People.” While some members of the Constitutional Convention voiced “eloquent objections” to slavery, Marshall said they “consented to a document which laid a foundation for the tragic events which were to follow.”The word “slave” does not appear in the Constitution. The framers consciously avoided the word, recognizing that it would sully the document. Nevertheless, slavery received important protections in the Constitution. The notorious three-fifths clause—which counted three-fifths of a state’s slave population in apportioning representation—gave the South extra representation in the House of Representatives and extra votes in the Electoral College. Thomas Jefferson would have lost the election of 1800 if not for the Three-fifths Compromise. The Constitution also prohibited Congress from outlawing the Atlantic slave trade for twenty years. A fugitive slave clause required the return of runaway slaves to their owners. The Constitution gave the federal government the power to put down domestic rebellions, including slave insurrections.The framers of the Constitution believed that concessions on slavery were the price for the support of southern delegates for a strong central government. They were convinced that if the Constitution restricted the slave trade, South Carolina and Georgia would refuse to join the Union. 1. Based on the document above, summarize the results of the American Revolution. Be sure to explain if those results are social, cultural or political.  Secondary Source 2 – “The Founding Fathers’ Power Grab: Was the Constitution designed to make the United States less democratic?” by Matthew C. Simpson, The New Republic, September 29, 2016 The … government [proposed by the Constitution] was less democratic than either the Articles of Confederation or the individual state constitutions. For example, the president would be chosen by an Electoral College rather than by citizens themselves; senators would be appointed by state legislatures; the smallest state would have as many senators as the largest; there were no term limits for any office and no means to recall federal officials; the House of Representatives was small (only 65 members originally), meaning that electoral districts would be geographically vast; and the so-called Supremacy Clause seemed to dissolve the sovereignty of the states altogether. Anti-Federalists (those who opposed the Constitution) had good reason to argue that its true purpose was, as one of them put it, the “transfer of power from the many to the few.” The democratic impulses of the Revolutionary Era now came to bear in opposition to the Constitution, both in the press and at the ratifying conventions. In his impressive new book, The Framers’ Coup: The Making of the United States Constitution, Bancroft Prize-winning legal historian Michael J. Klarman seeks to understand why the Framers produced such an undemocratic plan…. Klarman argues that the Constitution is undemocratic because it was designed to protect wealthy merchants and landowners from the redistributive tendencies of popular government. “The Constitution was,” he writes, “a conservative counterrevolution against what leading American statesmen regarded as the irresponsible economic measures enacted by a majority of state legislatures in the mid-1780s.” More specifically, “the Constitution was designed in part to block legislation for tax and debt relief.”2. Based on the document above, summarize the results of the American Revolution. Be sure to explain if those results are social, cultural or political.  Secondary Source 3 – “Hobbes, Locke, Montesquieu, and Rousseau on Government,” Constitutional Rights Foundation, Spring 2004  Enlightenment philosophers John Locke, Charles Montesquieu, and Jean-Jacques Rousseau all developed theories of government in which some or even all the people would govern. These thinkers had a profound effect on the American and French revolutions and the democratic governments that they produced. According to Locke, the natural rights of individuals limited the power of the king. The king did not hold absolute power…but acted only to enforce and protect the natural rights of the people. If a sovereign violated these rights, the social contract was broken, and the people had the right to revolt and establish a new government. Less than 100 years after Locke wrote his Two Treatises of Government, Thomas Jefferson used his theory in writing the Declaration of Independence. Montesquieu concluded that the best form of government was one in which the legislative, executive, and judicial powers were separate and kept each other in check to prevent any branch from becoming too powerful. He believed that uniting these powers, as in the monarchy of Louis XIV, would lead to despotism. While Montesquieu’s separation of powers theory did not accurately describe the government of England, Americans later adopted it as the foundation of the U.S. Constitution. All political power, according to Rousseau, must reside with the people, exercising their general will. There can be no separation of powers, as Montesquieu proposed. The people, meeting together, will deliberate individually on laws and then by majority vote find the general will. Rousseau’s general will was later embodied in the words “We the people . . .” at the beginning of the U.S. Constitution.3. Based on the document above, summarize the results of the American Revolution. Be sure to explain if those results are social, cultural or political.  Summary: Write thesis statement that addresses the following prompt, based on the secondary sources above. NOTE: This is supposed to be an leq thesis statement, meaning you would not have access to the documents while writing. Make sure to use one of the Historical Thinking Skills (Causation, Comparison, Continuity and Change Over Time) to frame your argument.In the period 1750-1900 Revolution occurred in many parts of the world. Develop an argument that evaluates the extent to which The American Revolution resulted in political or social change.            History World History HIST 24100 Share QuestionEmailCopy link Comments (0)