Discuss with examples the factors impacting the supply of a product

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Discuss with examples the factors impacting the supply of a product

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The pencil market is controlled by two firms: AAA Pencil Company and BBB Manufacturing. The structure of the market makes secret price cutting impossible. Each firm announces a price at the beginning of the time period and sells pencils at the price for the duration of the period. There is very little brand loyalty among pencil buyers so that each firm's demand is highly elastic. Each firm's prices are thus very sensitive to inter-firm price differentials. The two firms must choose between a high and low price strategy for the coming period. Profits (measured in thousands of Rands) for the two firms under each price strategy are given in the payoff matrix below. AAA - low price AAA - high price BBB - low price 60, 60 250, -20 BBB – high price -20, 250 130, 130
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If actual price in this market were above the equilibrium price, what would derive the market towards the equilibrium
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A and B consume only two goods, cider (C) and dumplings (D). A has an initial endowment of 10 bottles of C and 30 of D. Bob has an initial endowment of 50 bottles of cider and 50 dumplings. Alice’s utility function is uA(CA,DA) = 9ln(CA) + 10ln(DA), where CA and DA represent consumption of C and D, respectively. B’s utility function is uB(CB,DB) = CBXDB, where CB and DB denote B's consumption of C and D. a) Find the competitive equilibrium, i.e. the price ratio, of this exchange economy and the resulting equilibrium allocation. b) Find the expression of the contract curve for this economy and use your answer to check that the equilibrium allocation you found in (b) is indeed Pareto optimal.