Stimulus Materials and Researcher Instructions — Summer 2022 -…
Question Stimulus Materials and Researcher Instructions — Summer 2022 -… Stimulus Materials and Researcher Instructions — Summer 2022 – Photo Filters StudyInstructions: How do you feel about filtered / manipulated social media photos? If you see someone “retouch” their photos (erasing wrinkles, blemishes, or other imperfections), would knowing that they used filters impact your perceptions of that social media user? This Summer, we are going to test this idea to see if participants alter their impressions of social media users who post filtered (manipulated) social media photos.At the start of our study, all participants will see the same filtered picture of a Twitter user. They will then see a second picture, but this second picture will differ across study conditions. One third of our participants will see the same filtered picture of the Twitter user a second time (Filtered Condition). One third will see a similar picture of the Twitter user, but this second picture will be unfiltered (Unfiltered Condition). Remaining participants will see a control picture (not related to the Twitter user – Control Condition). In general, we predict that participants will find the original Twitter user more insecure and less satisfied with her appearance in the Unfiltered Condition than in the Filtered and Control conditions. The following instructions will help you better understand this study design.1). For your first experimental study, you will play the role of researcher, and you will collect data from three different participants. There are two phases to this study. In the first phase, you will orally ask participants if they are willing to participate in a research study. In the second phase, participants will complete a six-part survey. In Part One, they will read the Twitter page for a user named Katie Evers. In Part Two, they will rate their impressions of Katie. In Part Three, they will rate their impressions of Sarah, one of Katie’s friends. In Part Four, they will rate their impressions of the photos they saw on Katie’s Twitter page. In Part Five, they will complete demographic questions. Finally, in Part Six, they will complete a manipulation check question. As you collect data from participants, use the following steps:A). Your first task is to approach three different participants (not all at the same time!). Preferably, they will be people that you do not know and did not take a psychology research methods class during the Fall 2021 semester, or the Spring and Summer 2022semester. Please DO NOT complete this study yourself. If possible, use only FIU students as participants (no family / friends – You will use them in a later replication study at the end of the semester, and they cannot participate twice). There are 48 students in our class, so with each student collecting data from 3 people, our final sample will be around 140 participants total. 1). Note that there is a “Covid alternative” to data collection if you are unable to collect data yourself. Ask your instructor about that option, but there is a good chance that you will already see some pre-completed “Covid Alternative” documents in Canvas.2). Even if you use the “Covid Alternative”, read the information below, as it will help you write your future papers. You do not need to mention that you used the Covid Alternative, but you will pretend like you collected participant survey responses yourself.B). Phase I: Informed Consent1). Informed Consent: Ask the potential participant if they are willing to participate in a study for your research methods class. You will get their informed consent verbally. Tell them:”Hello, I am conducting a study for my research methods class. I was wondering if you would be willing to participate. The study takes about five to ten minutes. There are no risks to participating, and the main benefit is that I can complete my class assignment. Will you participate?” An oral Yes or No response is fine. If they say no, thank them and find a different participant. If they say yes, move to the next step (Phase II – Questionnaire).C). Phase II: “Questionnaire”1). General Instructions After getting participant’s oral informed consent, randomly give them ONE of the three “Research Study – Florida International University – Summer 2022” documents. These three survey documents contain our independent variable for the study (Important: Note that we have oneindependent variable with three levels in our study, with each survey representing one of the three levels/conditions for that one independent variable). One third of our research participants will be in the “Unfiltered” condition, one third will be in the “Filtered” condition, and one thirdwill be in the “Control” condition (You will see more on these conditions below!). Ask participants to follow the instructions at the top of the questionnaire. Tell them that they can go at their own pace but to make sure they look at all of the information on the first page. Make sure they complete all questionnaire parts (though note that they can leave some demographic questions blank if they do not want to provide those details).2). Questionnaire (Note: Except for text in italics, I use the past tense below, as you should when you write your Paper Two) Part One – Twitter Pageo General Twitter Page:? In all study conditions, participants saw the Twitter page for a mock Twitter user named Katie Evers. This page looked like a computer-based view of a Twitter page, including menu options, links for “You might like”, “What’s Happening”, and “Who to follow”, as well as a profile picture and information about the Twitter page owner, Katie Evers. Under her “Tweets & replies”, Katie posted one comment and a picture of herself. The comment said, “I feel great after my workout, and I’m ready for my close-up!”. The picture had Katie sitting on her knees and looking at a cell phone in her hand. In this post-workout photo, Katie had a flat stomach. Below Katie’s post and picture, Sarahone of Katie’s friendsadded her own comment and picture. Sarah’s comment was identical in all conditions. She wrote, “Katie, I love seeing your pictures. You’re the queen of social media! You always know how to make your pictures look super-flattering. I know the real you, though, and I had to share this pic of you, the real you, the lovely you. All hail the queen!? Note that in all conditions, this general Twitter pageinformation was identical. That is, the Twitter page, Katie’s comment and photo, and Sarah’s commentwere the same in all study conditions. So, what differed? The photo that Sarah posted after her comment!o Photo Conditions:? In the Filtered Condition, Sarah shared the same picture that Katie posted. Thus, in this “filtered” condition, participants saw the same Katie photo twice (once under Katie’s post and once under Sarah’s post).? In the Unfiltered Condition, Sarah shared a picture that was similar to the one that Katie originally shared, but in the version that Sarah posted, Katie had visible rolls of stomach fat. Katie was still sitting on her knees and holding her cell phone, but the picture provided an unfiltered view of Katie’s stomach fat. ? In the Control Condition, Sarah shared a picture of an elderly male bodybuilder. This picture was not based on Sarah (or any female), and thus provided a neutral comparison condition. o After completing Part One, all participants moved on to Part Two Part Two: Katie Evers Impressionso In Part Two, participants rated their impressions of Katie. Using a scale that ranged from 1 (Strongly Disagree) to 6 (Strongly Agree), they rated their agreement with five statements: “Katie seems insecure about her appearance”, “Katie seems dissatisfied with her appearance”, “Katie seems to desire the approval of others”, “Katie seems to have a positive outlook on life”, and “Katie seems narcissistic (egotistical)”.? Data Analysis Note: For all scaled questions in Part Two (as well as Parts Three and Four below), we will use inferential statistics like the t-Test (for two group designs) or the ANOVA (for designs with three or more groups). We will discuss these more in the lecture in a few weeks, but please note that you will only analyze a few of the survey questions. You will get to decide which of these dependent variables best reflect your study and hypothesis goals. Part Three: Sarah Sloan Impressionso In Part Three, participants rated their impressions of Sarah, Katie’s friend. Using a scale that ranged from 1 (Strongly Disagree) to 6 (Strongly Agree), they ratedtheir agreement with five statements: “Sarah seems supportive of Katie”, “Sarah seems like a good friend”, “Sarah seems to desire the approval of others”, “Sarah seems to have a positive outlook on life”, and “Sarah seems narcissistic (egotistical)”. Part Four: Tweeted Photo Impressionso In Part Four, participants rated their impressions of the photos they saw on Katie’s Twitter page. Using a scale that ranged from 1 (Strongly Disagree) to 6 (Strongly Agree), they rated their agreement with five statements: “The photo Katie posted of herself used a filter”, “The photo Katie posted makes me feel self-conscious about myself”, “The photo Sarah posted of Katie used a filter**”, “The photo Sarah posted was mean-spirited”, and “The photo Sarah posted was friendly / playful”.o **This question says “The photo Sarah posted used a filter” in the control condition Part Five: Demographic Informationo In this section, participants provided their demographic information. Participants could complete most of these items without violating their privacy, but they were told they were free to leave blank any questions they did not wish to answer.? Data Analysis Note: We usually report the mean and SD for participant age (Question 2). We will report frequency descriptive statistics for race/ethnicity and gender (Questions 1 and 3). Part Six: Manipulation Checko In this section, participants were asked to recall the nature of the photo that Sarah shared. That is, they choseone of three options that best reflected the photo they recalled seeing Sarah post: “Katie with a flat stomach”, “Katie with a slight stomach roll”, or “A picture of a male bodybuilder”. ? Data Analysis Note: Unlike the statements in Parts II, III, and IVwhich used interval rating scales(allowing us to analyze them with t-Tests or ANOVAs)the nominal scale used in Part VI (with three answer options in no particular order) only permit us to use a chi square analysis. We’ll discuss this statistical test more as we get to Paper Two. A quick note for you (the researcher): If you look at the bottom of the questionnaire on the first page, you will see the letters U, F, or C. Those relate to the condition for that specific survey. The U stands for Unfiltered, the F stands for Filtered, and the C stands for Control. The initials will help YOU quickly know which survey is which, though the initials should be meaningless for participants. No need to mention this in your future papers, but it is a good way to keep track of your surveys D). Once participants complete the questionnaire, debrief them regarding the filter study. That is, tell them about the study conditions and hypothesis. Read the following:”This study investigates how participants form impressions of social media users who either use or callout others for using photo filters for pictures posted to Twitter. According to prior research, people perceive filtered photos more negatively than unfiltered photos. Thus, one purpose of our study is to determine if participants form similar negative impressions of the person in the filtered (versus unfiltered) photo. Our study also looks at cyberbullying, seeing if participants form negative impressions of a social media friend who calls out another user for using a retouched / filtered picture. In our study, all participants saw the same Twitter page owned by Katie Evers. Katie had just tweeted a photo of herself post-workout. In all conditions, the photo that Katie posted was flattering, showing her with a fit and flat stomach. Likewise, in all conditions, participants saw the same follow-up tweet from Katie’s friend, Sarah Sloan, who commented that she loved Katie’s “super-flattering” photos, and that she wanted to share a picture of the “real” Katie. However, the photo that Sarah shared differed across three conditions. In our filtered photo condition, Sarah shared the same photo that Katie had originally shared (Katie with a flat-stomach). In the unfiltered photo condition, Sarah shared a photo of Katie that was nearly identical to the one Katie originally shared, but in Sarah’s photo Katie had visible fat rolls in her less than flat stomach. This unfiltered condition highlights that Katie must have filtered her original photo. In the final controlcondition, Sarah shared a humorous photo of an elderly male bodybuilder that had no connection to Katie. This condition was included to determine if any photo that Sarah shared impacted participants or if it had to be related specifically to Katie. In general, we predicted that if participants saw a Twitter user’s friend post an unfiltered (and less flattering) photo of the user that differed from a filtered photo the user originally posted, then they would more strongly agree that the original Twitter user seemed insecure about her appearance and seemed dissatisfied with her appearance, at least when compared to participants who saw the friend either repost the original filtered photo or post a new control photo, with no differences in the impression ratings of the original Twitter user between the filtered and control photo conditions. Similarly, we predicted that if participants saw a friend who posted an unfiltered photo, then they would more strongly disagree that the friend seemed supportive of the original Twitter user as well as seemed like a good friend, at least when compared to who saw a friend either repost the original filtered photo or post a control photo, with no differences in the impression ratings of the friend between the filtered and control photo conditions. Once again, thank you for participating in this study! Photo Disclaimer (for researchers and participants): The photos of “Sarah” used in this study are actually side-by-side photos of Emily Clarkson, a social media influencer who frequently writes about “Reality versus Instagram” photos. She often discusses how certain poses, filters, and photo-editing apps can make people look totally different in their photos. **Methods Students: Note that the underlined paragraphs above will be helpful when you write Paper I! In fact, you can use that underlined paragraphs above in your first paper if you like (just copy and paste it into your hypotheses). However, the predictions ARE NOT INCLUDED in your minimum page count. That is, you can copy/paste the predictions, but they do not count in the page minimum! Also note that in the underlined portions of the debriefing statement, I highlighted two different dependent variables related to Katie (“Katie seems insecure about her appearance” and “Katie seems dissatisfied with her appearance”, etc.) and two different dependent variables related to Sarah (“Sarah seems supporting of Katie” and”Sarah seems like a good friend”, etc.). However, we asked five questions about each character, so I could have a separate hypothesis for all ten. Since I feel the four highlighted are the most important dependent variables, I ignored the others. Since you are not required to look at all ten dependent variables in your future papers, you can also feel free to edit these paragraphs to focusONLY on the dependent variable(s) that you plan to analyze (this applies mostly to Paper Two when you figure out which DVs you want to focus on in your Results Section analysis). For now, just note that for Paper Two, you will run two ANOVA on two different dependent variables. My suggestion is to look at one Katie-based dependent variable and one Sarah-based dependent variable. However, I suggest keeping all four dependent variables in your predictions for now – you can edit out the unneeded DVs later. 2). Hold onto the completed questionnaires, as you will use them in an upcoming lab. You will enter data into SPSS and analyze it during your lab. Important note: Each student researcher is responsible for collecting data from three participants (one participant for each study condition – Unfiltered, Filtered and Control conditions). However, we will combine survey data from each student in your lab section, so your final sample will include at least 100 to 140 or so participants. In your papers (especially Paper II), you will use this total set of research participants (at least 100), NOT just the three that you collected yourself. Don’t even discuss “Three participants”, as that is not correct. Discuss ALL participants in your papers3). One last note: Pay close attention to these instructions! You can use them as the basis for Paper II later this semester when you discuss your methods section. That being said, these instructions are too long for a methods section, and includes information you will need to omit for Paper II. When writing that paper, make sure to only report the important aspects (what you actually did in the study). Write about what you actually did in the study! What is “due” for Assignment #3? – SPSS Study One Data FileStep One: Download the three “main questionnaires” and “researcher instructions” from Canvas. Read the researcher instructions carefully Step Two: Find three participants for the three main questionnaires (one participant per survey). Hold onto those completed questionnaires. You will NOT actually turn in these surveys, but you will need them to help you complete your SPSS data file Step Three: You will have a lab presentation that teaches you how to set up an SPSS file and how to enter data. Look for the lab session on your course schedule. During that lab session, have three surveys with you. After you learn how to set up your SPSS file, you will enter the data from your three surveys into SPSS. Step Four: After your lab session, save your SPSS from your three main questionnaires. Your file should automatically end with the file extension .sav (for example, you can name it”Study One SPSS Data.sav”) Step Five: Upload your SPSS data file (your .sav file) to Canvas. This is the file / assignment that we will grade (5 points for the upload). Then your work for the assignment is done! Step Six: Before your next lab (where you will analyze your data for your Paper II), your instructor will merge the SPSS files from all students into one final SPSS file. Your three participants will be added to the participants that other students collected, resulting in an SPSS data file with over 100 participants / respondents. You will use this “Final” SPSS data file to run statistics. Social Science Psychology MAR 1931 Share QuestionEmailCopy link Comments (0)
