solveinduction to prove that sumfiv xs can be replaced by 5 *…

Question Answered step-by-step solveinduction to prove that sumfiv xs can be replaced by 5 *… solveinduction to prove that sumfiv xs can be replaced by5 * summing 0 xs. [8 marks]10 Structured Hardware DesignA design is required for an electronic system to collect votes from the audiencein a television game show. Each of up to 1000 seats in the audience will have anaudience station and there will be a master station for the floor manager. Outputfrom the system will be video and this will feed monitor displays in the studio andbe included in the broadcast programme.(a) Sketch a block diagram of the overall system, showing clearly the various unitsand the signals which make up the cables which run between them. [5 marks](b) Specify the controls and indicators on the front panel of the two types ofstation. Give a pair of state diagrams of the system, one as seen by theaudience and the other as seen by the floor manager. [5 marks](c) Given that a profitable return on the sale of three complete systems is required,describe the components and technology that should be used in the units.[5 marks](d) Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of including a PC inside the floormanager’s station, in terms of cost, ease of use and whether a custom orstandard operating system should be used.The RSA cryptosystem can be tuned to make the workload asymmetric: with d = 3,encryption (cubing modulo n) becomes very cheap and almost all the computationalexpense shifts to decryption (extracting cubic roots modulo n).The following public-key protocol uses the above property to allow two principalsA and B to establish a common secret key Nb (invented by B) without incurring ahigh computational load, thanks to the help of a server S who computes all the cubicroots in the protocol. Attackers are assumed to be able to overhear, but not alter,the messages between A, B and S.A ? S : B, N3a mod n.S ? B : A.B ? S : A, N3b mod n.S ? A : B, Na ? Nb.(a) What is the purpose of Na? [3 marks](b) Describe in detail a protocol attack that will allow two colluding attackers Cand D to recover Nb. Assume that S is stateless. [7 marks](c) Stop the attack you described in (b) by making S stateful. [3 marks](d) Describe in detail a more sophisticated protocol attack whereby the colludingattackers will recover Nb even if S adopts the precaution you described in (c).[4 marks](e) Fix the protocol to defeat the attack you described in (d). [3 marks]13 (TURN OVER)CST.2012.7.1413 Temporal Logic and Model CheckingIn the following program, called INC, (*) is a Boolean expression that evaluatesnon-deterministically to either true or false each time it is evaluated (differentevaluations may yield different results).N := 1;WHILE (*) DO N := N+1;N := 0;(a) Devise and carefully describe a state space and transition relation to model thisprogram. [8 marks](b) Devise temporal logic formulae that express properties (i), (ii) and (iii) below.In each case state which temporal logic you are using and explain whether theproperty is true in your model.(i) Every execution of INC terminates. [4 marks](ii) Some execution of INC terminates. [4 marks](iii) If INC terminates, then N = 0 holds in the terminating state. [4 marks]14CST.2012.7.1514 Topical Issues(a) Describe the operating principles of RFID systems based on capacitive, inductiveand backscatter coupling. Give typical operating ranges and at least one exampleapplication for each. [9 marks](b) Electronic passports contain RFID chips to permit electronic transfer ofbiometric data to a reader. The systems in use today use remote-coupling withan operating frequency of 13.56 MHz. The full communication protocol varies,but every transmission from the passport is prefaced with a numeric identifier(UID).(i) The first implementations used a static UID unique to each passport, whilstlater implementations generated a new pseudo-random UID for each roundof communications. Outline the risks and practicalities of each approach.[3 marks](ii) Biometric data are usually encrypted when sent between reader and tagusing a protocol known as Basic Access Control (BAC). The shared sessionkey is generated solely from the owner’s passport number (9 digits),passport expiry date and date of birth. These data must be read optically byswiping the passport through a desktop device before proceeding. Commenton the security of this system and the choice of 13.56 MHz RFID in such acontext. [4 marks](iii) Most authorities now line the passport sleeve with metal foil. Explain howthis increases security and discuss the extent to which it does so.  A permutation of a list is any list that can be derived from it by re-arranging theelements. Write an ML function that returns the list of all the permutations of itsargument. Explain your code clearly and carefully.For example, applied to the list [1,2,3], your function should return the list whoseelements are [1,2,3], [2,1,3], [2,3,1], [1,3,2], [3,1,2] and [3,2,1].You may assume that the elements of the argument are distinct. The elements ofthe result may appear in any order.[10 marks]2 Discrete MathematicsLet Mn = 2n ? 1 be the nth Mersenne number.Show that Mn can be prime only if n is. [5 marks]Let ?m = m(m + 1)/2 be the mth triangular number and recall that a perfectnumber is one equal to the sum of its factors (including 1 but excluding the numberitself).Suppose that p = Mn is prime. Show that ?p is a perfect number.In a large project it is possible that two programmers, working on different partsof the code, happen to select the same name for something that they define. Ifthis accident leads to some third programmer accessing the wrong one of these twoversions the results could be unsatisfactory. Explain the steps that the designers ofthe Java language have taken to reduce the probability of such clashes. [10 marks]4 Operating SystemsAn operating system uses a single queue round-robin scheduling algorithm for allprocesses. You are told that a quantum of three time units is used.What can you infer about the scheduling algorithm? [1 mark]Why is this sort of algorithm suitable for a multi-user operating system? [1 mark]The following processes are to be scheduled by the operating system.RequiredProcess Creation Time Computing TimeP1 0 9P2 1 4P3 7 2Image transcription textQuestion 41 In Scheme. a let special form can be used todefine a recursive function. True False 1 points Question42 In Scheme. arithmetic operators are writte… Show more… Show moreImage transcription textWrite a C/C++ program to recognizeall the relational and arithmeticoperators. Example: Input… Show more… Show more  Computer Science Engineering & Technology Java Programming CSCI MISC Share QuestionEmailCopy link Comments (0)