ANSWER ALL How would these additions affect the readability and…

Question Answered step-by-step ANSWER ALL How would these additions affect the readability and… ANSWER ALLHow would these additions affect the readability and reliability of programs?[7 marks](c) Some languages allow different modes of calling of function arguments, suchas call by value, call by reference and call by name. Discuss the advantagesand disadvantages of incorporating the argument calling modes into the datatypes of functions.  (a) OLAP and OLTP.(i) What is on-line transaction processing (OLTP)? [2 marks](ii) What is on-line analytic processing (OLAP)? [2 marks](iii) If you were designing a relational database system, how would yourapproach to schema design differ for OLTP and OLAP systems?[3 marks](iv) In OLAP, what is the meaning of the terms drill down, roll up, and slice?[3 marks](v) What is a star schema? [1 mark](b) Suppose we have the following relational schema,Supplier(sid:integer, name:string, postcode:string)Parts(pid:integer, name:string, description:string)SuppliedBy(sid:integer, pid:integer, weight:integer)where the underlined attributes represent the primary keys of the associatedrelation. The table SuppliedBy implements a relationship between suppliersand parts — indicating which parts are supplied by which supplier — usingforeign keys pointing into the Parts and Supplier tables. The weight attributeis the parts weight in grams.Write an SQL query that will return a list, without duplicates, of all postcodesassociated with suppliers of parts less than one kilogram in weight. [5 marks](c) Define and explain the ACID properties of database transactions. [  ) Explain as simple a procedure as possible that converts lambda expressions intoterms that use only these combinators. At this stage you are not expected tobe concerned with efficiency, but you should make it clear why your combinatorforms relate to the lambda expressions that you start with. [5 marks](c) Illustrate the scheme you have given above by applying it to the lambdaexpression ?x.?y.((y x) y) and explain why in practical reduction tocombinators at least additional symbols B and C are normally introduced.[5 marks](d) Suppose that you have primitive functions available that can represent integers,booleans, arithmetic and an “if . . . then” operation (and so on, as necessary).Show how to convert the following ML-like code first into raw lambda calculusand then into combinator form:fun f n = if (iszero n) 1(double (f (subtract1from n)));Note that the code has been presented in a way intended to show the functionsused to perform arithmetic. You may assume the availability of a Y operatorif that helps. [6 marks]11 Semantics of Programming Languages(a) Discuss the operational semantics and type rules for subsumption anddowncasting in a language with record subtyping. Identify clearly what isguaranteed by type-checking and run-time checks. [8 marks](b) Explain, with examples, the subtype rule for function types T1 ? T2.[4 marks](c) Explain, with examples, how a language with record subtyping, functions, andML-style references can be used to express simple object idioms. (a) A programmer plans to replace single-precision floating-point arithmetic in asubroutine with a fixed-point implementation that is guaranteed to have at leastthe same range and precision. Roughly how many bits must the fixed-pointrepresentation have?(b) The designers of a new computer architecture provide an instruction that usesthe fixed-point implementation of Part (a) to sum long lists of single-precisionfloating-point numbers. This implements the rounding and re-normalisationonly once at the end of the operation.What are the benefits of such an instruction compared with folding the standardtwo-argument addition operator over the list?Image transcription textQuestion 33 (2.5 points) Consider: Dimitems As New List(Of String) Private SubButton1_Click(ByVal sender A… Show more… Show moreImage transcription texts = TextBox1.Text items.Add(s) End SubPrivate Sub Button2_ Click(ByVal senderAs System.Object, ByVal e … Show more… Show more  Computer Science Engineering & Technology Networking COMP 2000 Share QuestionEmailCopy link Comments (0)