AFTERNOON TUTOR 

Question AFTERNOON TUTOR Some bacteria, like S. aureus, live in relative peace with humans most of the time; about 30% of people carry S. aureus in their noses, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). But when these bacteria find their way into the body, especially in people who are immunocompromised, they can cause fatal infections. Staph infections can cause sepsis (full-body inflammation in response to infection), pneumonia, endocarditis (inflammation of the heart and heart valves) and osteomyelitis (inflammation of the bone), according to the CDC. Other bacteria are almost always harmful to humans. Cholera, a diarrheal disease that kills about 95,000 people worldwide each year, is caused by V. cholerae. The bacterium Yersinia pestis, spread by fleas that bite rodents, was responsible for the Black Death. And Bacillus anthracis can form almost indestructible anthrax spores that lurk in soil and can cause deadly disease if inhaled or consumed. Some of the most common problematic bacteria infect people through spoiled food. Salmonella bacteria cause an illness called salmonellosis, marked by diarrhea, stomach cramping and fever. Though most people recover after four to seven days, salmonellosis can be serious, and even fatal, in both young children and older people, according to the CDC. E. coli, another bacterium responsible for food poisoning, often spreads through contaminated food and water. While many strains live harmlessly in human intestines, others cause diarrheal illness. Like salmonellosis, E. coli diarrhea is typically deeply unpleasant but brief, though 5% to 10% of people develop a kidney complication called hemolytic uremic syndrome, which can be life-threatening, according to the CDC. Another common bacterium that can be harmful to people is Helicobacter pylori. About half of people carry these bacteria in their stomachs, according to the Mayo Clinic. Most people never show any ill effects of this infection, but in some cases, the bacteria cause peptic ulcers, or painful sores in the lining of the stomach. It’s not entirely clear how the bacteria spread, but risk factors include crowded livingProvider’s orders include:Orthopedic Surgical Consult – STATLabs: CBC, comprehensive metabolic panel (CMP) – STAT & in the am Blood glucose monitoring AC & HS, call if >200Indwelling catheterIntake & outputIV with 0.9% sodium chloride at 50 mL/hrType and Hold 2 units PRBCCXR, EKG – 12 leadPrednisone 10 mg, PO dailyKetorolac 30 mg IV, q 6hrs (For pain) Cefazolin 1 g IV on call to surgeryDiet as tolerated – NPO after midnightChlorhexidine surgical scrub before surgeryLab results:Test Normal range Initial results Subsequent resultsWBC 4,000 – 10,000 µL 9,000 15,000Hemoglobin 12.0 – 17.0 g/dL 11 6.9Hematocrit 36.0 – 51.0% 35 28RBC 4.2 – 5.9 cells/L 3.8 2.5Platelets 150,000 – 350,000 µL 145,000 102,000Chloride 98 – 106 mEq/L 99 98Calcium 9 – 10.5 g/dL 8.8 8.7Magnesium 1.5 – 2.4 mEq/L 2.1 1.9Phosphorous 3.0 – 4.5 mg/dL 3.1 3.0Potassium 3.5 – 5.0 mEq/L 3.2 3.3Sodium 136 – 145 mEq/L 142 144Glucose 70 – 100 mg/dL 189 267BUN 8 – 20 mg/dL 39 25Creatinine 0.7 – 1.3 mg/dL 1.3 1.2Creatine Kinase (CPK) 30 – 170 U/L 422 304Lactic Dehydrogenase (LDH) 60 – 100 U/L 154 279Aminotransferase Aspartate (AST) 0 – 35 U/L 34 33Aminotransferase, Alanine (ALT) 1. 0 – 35 U/L Which data in the scenario may have contributed to Ms. Martinez’s injury? 1. Which of the lab values are concerning and explain why the values must be addressed?1. Formulate 2 nursing diagnoses from the abnormalities above (at least one actual and one potential)An ecosystem is a geographic area where plants, animals, and other organisms, as well as weather and landscape, work together to form a bubble of life. Ecosystems contain biotic or living, parts, as well as abiotic factors, or nonliving parts. Biotic factors include plants, animals, and other organisms. Abiotic factors include rocks, temperature, and humidity.Every factor in an ecosystem depends on every other factor, either directly or indirectly. A change in the temperature of an ecosystem will often affect what plants will grow there, for instance. Animals that depend on plants for food and shelter will have to adapt to the changes, move to another ecosystem, or perish.Ecosystems can be very large or very small. Tide pools, the ponds left by the ocean as the tide goes out, are complete, tiny ecosystems. Tide pools contain seaweed, a kind of algae, which uses photosynthesis to create food. Herbivores such as abalone eat the seaweed. Carnivores such as sea stars eat other animals in the tide pool, such as clams or mussels. Tide pools depend on the changing level of ocean water. Some organisms, such as seaweed, thrive in an aquatic environment, when the tide is in and the pool is full. Other organisms, such as hermit crabs, cannot live underwater and depend on the shallow pools left by low tides. In this way, the biotic parts of the ecosystem depend on abiotic factors.The whole surface of Earth is a series of connected ecosystems. Ecosystems are often connected in a larger biome. Biomes are large sections of land, sea, or atmosphere. Forests, ponds, reefs, and tundra are all types of biomes, for example. They’re organized very generally, based on the types of plants and animals that live in them. Within each forest, each pond, each reef, or each section of tundra, you’ll find many different ecosystems.2. Discuss one short term outcome and one long term outcome for each diagnosis.3. What interventions would you implement for each problem, and how would you evaluate each of the outcomes?4. With Ms. Martinez’s limitation in English proficiency, what actions would you take to deliver an effective preoperative and discharge education to the client? Discuss whether you would seek assistance of an interpreter and formulate an applicable psychosocial diagnosis. 5. What outcome(s) would you specify for the psychosocial diagnosis? 6. Identify 2 -3 items that you would include in the client education. 7. What teaching method or strategy would you use to evaluate the client’s understanding of the education/ effectiveness of the teaching (give examples)?8. What other health care team(s) should be involved in the care of Ms. Martinez? Explain. 30 32T. Bilirubin 1.2 mg/dL 0.9 1.0  Health Science Science Nursing Share QuestionEmailCopy link Comments (0)