1. If a police officer in the exercise of his/her discretion…
Question Answered step-by-step 1. If a police officer in the exercise of his/her discretion… 1. If a police officer in the exercise of his/her discretion decides that he/she is goingto stop and question somebody on the street (interfere with the person’s liberty), in order for the stop to be legal, that police officer must have pre-determined that there is only sufficient credible evidence to prove/establish: a) proximate cause b) reasonable cause c) reasonable suspicion d) probable cause e) preliminary cause 2. Police officers on patrol exercising their professional discretion means that different police officers facing similar situations may respond differently regarding whether or not to take police action, and then even as to what police action should be taken if it is required. True or False 3. The primary function of police today, as established by Sir Robert Peel in London in 1829, is still patrol. This primary function today takes place generally within the structure of the bureaucracy that is every police department, and more specifically within what three operational frameworks/settings (not the traditions) of the police bureaucracy? a) b) c) 4. In today’s NYPD, more than 50% of the those in the rank of police officer, the rank most engaged in patrol, are police officers of color, women or members of another minority group. True or False 5. Even though there has been a recent spike in crime in NYC, especially murders and shootings, the reality still is that a police officer on patrol only spends approximately how much of his/her time dealing with crime related matters. a) 75 – 80% b) 40 – 55% c) 30 – 35% d) 20 – 25% e) 60 – 65% 6. Name three on-the-job factors or situations that contribute to police officer stress: a) b) c) 7. Entry into the police culture starts after the rookie police officer’s graduation from the Police Academy and his/her placement in her/his first assignment in the field. True or False 8. Name three of the traits of the police personality: a) b) c) 9. If you observe a police officer getting what seems to you to be free coffee and donuts at a Dunkin Donuts within the precinct, and you were moved to file a complaint, with what agency or unit would you file the complaint (no initials please) 10. Which of the following is not an issue that US police departments are currently confronting, that is, that is not an emerging or current problem with which they are dealing? a) the increasing diversity of urban areas and police recruits b) institutional, implicit and/or overt (open) racism c) the use of excessive or unnecessary force including deadly force d) police-community relations especially with communities of color e) calls or efforts to abolish or defund the police f) weak unions and union leadership 11. The “fish bowl” effect in policing refers to the police policy of omnipresence, the community crime prevention program. True or False 12. Achieving professionalism and accountability in policing would require that the police: a) Have the most modern and accurate weaponry b) Operate as much as possible like the military and have a similar mission c) Have established public ethics and standards as well as working processes for community redress of issues d) Be as diverse and inclusive as possible in terms of its membership e) Must always project a clean-cut appearance in public 13. Unlike Sir Roberto Peel’s perception of the police as being an extension of the community and its responsibilities regarding public safety, today’s police operations and culture tend to separate the police and the community and promote a more us v. them perception. True or False 14. Make sure you answer both parts of the question. A. According to the statistics reviewed in the course, the average number of people killed by US police every year is approximately _______790____ (
