Scenario 24. Describe each link in the chain of infection:a. Infectious agent: b. Reservoir:c. Portal of exit:

Question Answered step-by-step Scenario 24. Describe each link in the chain of infection:a. Infectious agent: b. Reservoir:c. Portal of exit:d. Mode of transmission:e. Portal of entry: f. Susceptible hostOn your next day at clinical, you and a classmate are assigned to assist in meeting the self-care/hygiene needs for the following group of post-operative hip surgery patients on the orthopedic surgery/rehabilitation unit: Mr. J. Hernandez, 74-year-old, right hip replacement, history of lung disease, suspected of having influenza, on droplet isolation. Ms. P. Guy, 91-year-old, left hip replacement, has dementia, must be fed all meals.Mrs. E. Watson, 84-year-old, left hip fracture repair, positive for MRSA in her urine, on contact precautions. Mrs. A. Flowers, 89-year-old, right hip replacement currently receiving chemotherapy for skin cancer, on protective isolation. Mr. F. Centralli, 67-year-old, left hip replacement for degenerative joint disease, history of smoking 3 ppd x 45 years.Ms. Ruth McNally, 87-year-old, right hip fracture repair secondary to a fall at home, history of diabetes and hypertension. Attention to promoting asepsis and preventing infection is a mainstay of safe client care. For the assigned clients, consider each of the above key aspects during your provision of basic care and comfort. Discuss the commonalities of the assigned clients’ risk for development of an infection based on your understanding of the chain of infection:Mr. J. Hernandez: Ms. P. Guy:Mrs. E. Watson:  Mrs. A. Flowers: Mr. F. Centralli:Ms. Ruth McNally: 6. Based on an understanding of the lifestyle factors which support the clients’ own host defenses against infection, what interventions can you identify that are within your scope of practice as a nursing student?     a. Nutrition: b. Hygiene: c. Rest: d. Exercise: e. Stress:In implementing hygiene modalities, how do the mandates of medical asepsis fit into the care measures for these clients as a group?How does medical asepsis differ from surgical asepsis? Scenario 3On your next clinical day, you are caring for Thad Lutz, a 54-year-old, admitted for a deep vein thrombosis (DVT) of the left leg. Five days ago, he had surgery for a left ruptured Achilles tendon sustained during a local marathon. He has never been hospitalized prior to his outpatient surgery. Post-operative instructions include no weight-bearing on the left leg for 4 weeks. He has crutches, though instead of using them, he admits to “hopping around on right leg and holding onto things.”  Intravenous heparin therapy for anticoagulation is infusing through an IV pump attached to a pole with wheels. Thad still requires oral narcotic pain medication for post-operative pain, compounded by the pain of the DVT. He is on complete bedrest and allowed use of a bedside commode. Which factors would put Thad Lutz at an increased risk for falls? (List 4 minimum)Despite agreement on measures to ensure his safety, Mr. Lutz continues to “ambulate” to the bathroom without assistance, instead of using the bedside commode. He uses the infusion pump and its rolling stand for balance and tells the nursing assistant that he does not want to bother anyone when he can figure it all out on his own. The nursing assistant tells the nurse, “That man needs to be tied down before he hurts himself.”10. Recognizing that pain medication can impair cognition, discuss the interventions that you can put in place to avoid the need for restraints for this patient. Scenario 4Today you are caring for a group of clients on the medical-surgical unit. Your assignment includes 5 clients ranging in age from 51 to 89 years.11. What are the expected values (ranges) of temperature, pulse rate, respirations, and blood pressure for these patients? (Include variances for older adult)Temp:Pulse rate:RR:Blood pressure:Older adult variances: Consider each of the following situations as you complete your rounds on these 5 clients:Mrs. Rojas, 84-year-old, does not understand English, with new onset hypertensionMr. Oxendine, 51-year-old, on oxygen therapy with a partial rebreather mask for hypoxia, breathing rapidly through his mouthMr. Hines, 77-year-old, with congestive heart failure, requiring multiple cardiac medicationsMrs. Tescarelli, 72-year-old, being evaluated for episodes of syncopeMr. Leuong, 89-year-old, confused, with fever from an acute urinary tract infection.12. Explain each of the following aspects that you will need to consider when preparing to measure the vital signs for each of these 5 patients. Identify factors that may affect each of the measured parameters and the etiology of the change. Example: Mr. Smith just drank a cup of hot coffee and reports he ran up 4 flights of stairs to work off stress after an argument with boss. TemperaturePulseRespirations Blood pressureExample:Mr. SmithDo not use oral thermometer; hot drink will alter measurement; use tympanic or temporal caffeine, running upstairs, and stress can increase pulse rateRunning upstairs and stress can increase respirationsCaffeine, stress, immediate post exercise- blood pressure may be elevatedMrs. RojasMr. OxendineMr. HinesMrs. TescarelliMr. Leuong  Health Science Science Nursing NUR 101 Share QuestionEmailCopy link Comments (0)