What are the different types of immunities and give an example of each

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Ian a 72-year-old male nonsmoker with a history of gout and mild dementia was referred to the main hospital by GP for shortness of breath due to suspected pneumonia. Patient was brought to the hospital by his son who mentioned that Ian had cough with thick yellow sputum and complained of pleuritic chest pain for the past 3 days.  Ian is febrile and tachypneic, has a blood pressure of 145/65, and has an oxygen saturation of 93% on room air. Physical examination is significant for rhonchi in the right lower lung fields, and a chest x-ray shows a right lower lobe infiltrate. Blood, urine and sputum sample were sent for investigation and Ian was admitted in the medical ward. Laboratory studies showed high white blood cell count and no evidence of acute renal failure. Blood cultures came back positive for Streptococcus pneumonia which confirmed the diagnosis as community-acquired pneumonia. Antibiotics commenced. Patient's condition improved intitially. By day 5, Ian started to become febrile again with increased work of breathing and decreased oxygen saturation requiring high flow oxygen. Patient was transferred to high dependency unit. Chest X-ray showed increase in lung consolidation in right lower lung fields and diminished air entry to right mid and lower zone of the lung on auscultation. Blood culture came back positive for multi-resistant staphylococcus aureus.  Patient was managed in high dependency unit for 3 days and then transferred back to the medical ward. Ian's condition improved and was subsequently discharged from the ward on day 15.