INSTRUCTION: MAKE A SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM STUDY OF THE FACTORS…
Question Answered step-by-step INSTRUCTION: MAKE A SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM STUDY OF THE FACTORS… INSTRUCTION: MAKE A SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM STUDY OF THE FACTORS AFFECTING REACTION RATES:Nature, Concentration, Surface Area of Reactants, Temperature and Catalysis The rate of a chemical reaction can be expressed as the ratio of the change in the concentration of a reactant (or a product) to a change in time, D[X]/Dt. The ratio may be measured by determining the length of time required for the reaction to produce a definite quantity of the products. This rate is affected by several factors that control how rapidly chemical changes occur. These include the following: nature of reactivity of the reactants, concentration of the reactants, surface area, temperature, and catalysis.In this experiment, the student will evaluate the effects of the above factors on the rates of reactions. MATERIALSbeaker, 250-mL (2) test tube brushgraduated cylinder, 10-mL (2) test tube racktest tube, 10-mL (10) tripodtest tube, 20-mL (5) wire gauzeBunsen burner test tube holder (2)dropper (2) thermometerstirring rod CHEMICALS Liquids Solidacetic acid (1.0 M) magnesium ribbonhydrochloric acid (0.5 M, 1.0 M, 1.5 M, 2.0 M)manganous sulfate (0.3 M)oxalic acid (1.0 M, 0.01 M)potassium permanganate (0.01 M, 0.005 M)sulfuric acid (1.0 M, 0.25 M) PROCEDUREI. Nature or Reactivity of the ReactantsObtain two test tubes. Into one test tube, place 5.0 mL of 1.0 M hydrochloric acid solution then add 1-cm long magnesium ribbon. Take note of the time required for complete reaction.Into the other test tube, place 5.0 mL of 1.0 M acetic acid solution then add 1-cm long magnesium ribbon. Note also the time required for complete reaction.II. Concentration of the Reactants 1. Place 5.0 mL of 2.0 M hydrochloric acid solution in a 10-mL test tube then add 1-cm long magnesium ribbon. Take note of the time required for complete reaction. 2. Repeat previous step, this time using 1.5 M, 1.0 M, and 0.5 M hydrochloric acid solution.III. Surface Area of the ReactantsObtain three clean test tubes. Place 5.0 mL of 1.0 M hydrochloric acid solution into each.To the first test tube, add one piece of 2-cm long magnesium ribbon and note the time required for the reaction to complete. Divide a second piece of 2-cm long magnesium ribbon into 8 equal parts and add these into the second test tube. Again, take note of the time required for the reaction to complete.Divide a third piece of 2-cm long magnesium ribbon into very small pieces and add these into the third test tube. Note also the time required for the reaction to complete. IV. TemperatureIn this portion, the reaction involved is:2KMnO4 + 3H2SO4 + 5H2C2O4 K2SO4 + 2MnSO4 + 8H2O + 10CO2or2MnO4- + 16H+ + 5C2O42- 2Mn2+ + 8H2O + 10CO2 The color of the reactants is pink due to the presence of permanganate, whereas that of the products is colorless.Mix 1.0 mL of 0.005 M potassium permanganate and 1.0 mL of 0.25 M sulfuric acid and pour into each of five 10-mL test tubes.Measure 15.0 mL of 0.01 M oxalic acid into each of five 20-mL test tubes.Place one test tube containing the permanganate-sulfuric acid solution and one test tube containing the oxalic acid in a 250-mL beaker of water at room temperature. After 5 minutes, it can be assumed that the temperature of the reactants is the same as the temperature of the water. Rapidly, but carefully, pour the potassium permanganate-sulfuric acid solution into the test tube containing the oxalic acid.Stir the resulting solution vigorously, but carefully, to allow the reactants to interact. Note the time required for the complete decolorization of the permanganate solution.Perform four more trials with temperatures 10oC higher than the previous temperature.V. CatalysisObtain two test tubes. Add to both test tubes 2 mL of 1.0 M oxalic acid and 4 drops of 1.0 M sulfuric acid.To one test tube, add 1 mL of 0.01 M potassium permanganate and shake the test tube while noting the time required for the purple color to disappear.To the other test tube, add 1 mL of 0.010 M potassium permanganate and quickly add 1 drop of 0.3 M manganous sulfate solution. Shake the test tube and note the time required for the purple color to disappear. INSTRUCTION: MAKE A SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM Science Chemistry Share QuestionEmailCopy link Comments (0)
