Question1: Question1 Julie B., a nurse practitioner is planning to…

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Question Answered step-by-step Question1: Question1 Julie B., a nurse practitioner is planning to… Question1:Question1Julie B., a nurse practitioner is planning to conduct a study to test the protective effect of Zinc lozenges on the incidence of Influenza-like-illness (ILI) visits during a flu season. She will enroll hospital  nurses at the start of a flu season into a double blind randomized controlled trial with two parallel arms. The Active arm will receive one Zinc lozenge daily for 12 weeks and the Control arm will receive a Placebo lozenge once daily for 12 weeks. The researcher estimates that during a flu season about 15% of health workers get sick despite a requirement for vaccination.  The outcome is reported as the proportion of participants in each arm who get sick with confirmed ILI symptoms during the course of the study period. Julie would like to see that the proportion of  ILI  in the  Zinc-treatment  group drops to 10%, while in the Placebo group it will remain 15%.  She would like to have less than 5% probability of declaring a treatment difference where none exists, and she sets the type -1 error alpha at 0.05 (two sided). She also wants to be able to have a power of 80%  for not committing type two error (beta), or the  probability of failing to detect a treatment difference if such actually exists. Select the correct combination describing the Null hypothesis, the Alternative hypothesis and the expected proportions in each group, where Pz is the proportion of nurses with ILI in the group taking Zinc and Pp is the proportions of nurses with ILI in the group taking placebo. Null hypothesis/ Alternative hypothesis/ Pz  & Pp Group of answer choices1) Null: Pz = Pp| Alt: Pz < Pp | Pz=0.10 & Pp = 0.152) Null: Pz = Pp | Alt: Pz Pp | Pz=0.20 & Pp = 0.25  Question2Nurse Julie wants to estimate the size of the participants in her study. But first she needs to define correctly the  type of predictor variable and the type of outcome variables for her study. She has two groups (Zinc and Placebo) and she will report the outcome as the proportion of those who got sick with ILI in each group .  Her expectations  look like this: Treatment Groups                   Sick                                Not SickZinc                                                   10%                                 90%Placebo                                            15%                                85%Based on the information given in the example in Question 1, and with the help of Nurse Julie reasoning, select the correct combination of type of variables for the predictor and the outcome   Group of answer choices1) predictor: continuous; outcome: dichotomous2) predictor: dichotomous; outcome: dichotomous3) predictor: dichotomous; outcome: continuous Question3Nurse Julie is ready to choose the statistic test that is appropriate to calculate the sample size. Choose the correct testGroup of answer choices1) t-test2) Chi-Square test3) correlation coefficient4) p-test Question4Strategies to reduce the sample size in a study include all EXCEPTGroup of answer choices1) re-visit the research hypothesis2) choose a study population where the effect size will be greater3) choose an outcome with a continuous measure4) Abandon the research question,  Question 5Power is the probability that the null hypothesis is rejected, when the alternative hypothesis is true. ß represents Type II error, the probability of not rejecting the null hypothesis when the  alternative is true.1-? = power.  Group of answer choices1) True3) False  Question 6Incidence and Prevalence are two measures of estimating the occurrence of disease in a population. Which measure estimates  the count of new cases of the disease (or outcome) for a period of time?Reporting the occurrence of new cases of  COVID-19 each day is reporting the daily _____________ of the disease.Group of answer choices1) Incidence3) prevalence  Question7A study aims to enroll  200 adult patients with Down syndrome without diagnosis of Alzheimer’s disease at inclusion. Patients will be enrolled over a period of two years and a neuropsychological evaluation performed . Patients will then be followed over a period of 10 years for a routine medical follow-up. In case of Alzheimer’s disease onset during this period, all data regarding diagnosis of AD will be collected for the study. The goal is to identify factors influencing the age of onset of the disease.Select the answer that best defines this type of studyGroup of answer choices1)This is a prospective cohort study to estimate the incidence of Alzheimer disease among adult individuals with Down syndrome.2) This is a retrospective cohort to estimate the incidence of Alzheimer disease among adult individuals with Down syndrome.3) This is a prospective cohort to estimate the prevalence  of Alzheimer disease among adult individuals with Down syndrome.4) This is a retrospective cohort to estimate the relative risk of  Down syndrome in Alzheimer’s disease . Question 9Statistical analysis of the primary hypothesis of a clinical trial is generally straight forward.  If the outcome is dichotomous, compare the proportions in the study groups using a Chi-square test. When the outcome is continuous, a t-test may be used.Group of answer choices1) True2) False  Science Health Science CLINICAL R HCR 557 Share QuestionEmailCopy link Comments (0)